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Hire and manage employees in Bulgaria
Quick facts
Bulgaria, situated in Southeastern Europe, has a growing economy supported by sectors such as information technology, energy, and manufacturing. A member of the European Union, Bulgaria offers a competitive business environment with low labor costs and a flat tax rate. The country’s labor laws provide essential protections, including regulated working hours, social security, and benefits.
Employment Contracts
In Bulgaria, employment contracts may be indefinite or fixed-term and allow for both full-time and part-time work. Contracts specify the work type, salary, and conditions, ensuring clear terms for employees and employers.
Probation Period
Contracts in Bulgaria typically include a probation period of up to 6 months. During probation, either party may terminate the contract without prior notice.
Working Hours
The standard workweek is 40 hours (8 hours per day, 5 days a week). Employers may extend daily working hours to 10 hours under certain conditions, but the weekly total cannot exceed 48 hours. Overtime rates must be at least 50% higher on weekdays, 75% higher on non-working days, and 100% higher on public holidays.
Vacation Days
Employees are entitled to at least 20 days of paid annual leave. Additional leave may be provided through collective bargaining agreements or individual contracts.
Sick Leave
For the first 3 days of sick leave, the employer pays 70% of the employee's gross salary. From the fourth day onward, the state provides 80% of average earnings over the past 18 months. Employees are eligible for sick leave after completing 6 months of work experience.
Wages and Salary Payment
Wages in Bulgaria are typically paid between the 25th of the month and the 10th of the following month. The minimum wage in 2024 was set at €477 per month.
Public Holidays
Bulgaria observes several national holidays, including:
- January 1: New Year's Day
- March 3: Liberation Day
- May 1: Labour Day
- May 6: St. George’s Day
- December 24-26: Christmas
Public holidays also include Good Friday, Easter Sunday and Monday, and other significant cultural days.
Employer Taxes
Employers contribute 14.12% to 14.82% to social security, depending on the sector. The total employer contributions, including health insurance, range from 18.92% to 19.62%.
Employee Taxes
Employees pay a flat income tax of 10% and 10.58% towards social security. Health insurance contributions for employees are 3.2%.
Notice Period
Permanent contracts generally require 1 month’s notice for termination, while fixed-term contracts require 3 months’ notice. Employment can be ended immediately by mutual agreement or upon contract expiration.
Termination and Severance Pay
While statutory severance pay is not generally mandated, employees dismissed due to redundancy are entitled to one month’s salary. Extended compensation may be negotiated through collective agreements or employment contracts.
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